Improvement in porous penetrable tiles for plastering



combustible material.

UNITED STATES SANFORD E. LORING, OF CHICAGO, ILLINOIS.

PAT NLQnErm 'IMPROVEMENT IN PORQUS PENETRABLE TILES FOR-PLASTERING, &c.

Specification forming part of Letters Patent No. 156,361Qdated October 27, 1874 application filed October 9, 1874. a I

To all whom it may concern:

or, in combination with water-proof cements or paints, from moisture.

The composition is made of clay, as a base, mixed with Variable proportions ofpoke, ashes or pumice, limes, lastegor cem ent,'coal, wood, charcoal,reeds, straw, or othervegetable and The ingredients are pulverized, mixed with water to form a plastic body, then molded into'the required form and burned in kilns, like bricks or other earthenwares. In the burning, the. combustible matter is wholly or partially destroyed and removed from the body, leaving the incombustible materials in amorous, spongeous form, similar to pumice-stone. I

' The spaces left by materials destroyed in the burning provide places for the particles of earthy lnatter that in ordinary wares would be filled, and resist the progress of nails, screws, or rivets, but which may be driven into or through this material, for the purpose of securing it to a ground of Wood, iron, or other material without readily fracturing this ware. l

These spaces, also, greatly increase the suction of the body, and increase its value as a groundwork for receiving cements and mortars, and as a filtering material.-

I am aware that coal, sawdust, bitumen,

'&0., have been combined with clay to assist in burning the ware and increasing the porosity of oven-tiles. To this I make no claim; but I do Mknow, and do npt believe, that combustible and non-combustible materials have before been used to make an earthen ware body that could be readily pierced wit-h r nails, screws bolts, rivets, &c., and thus at- 1mm) tached to wood, iron, or other framework. To secure this result with the least possible weight of material has been my aim, securing at the, same time extraordinary porosity, non-con ductibility, and, What I think has never before been achieved for bricks or earthenware, penetrability, in the sense that the materialmay readily be punctured.

Having thus described my inven ion, what I desire to claim, and secure by Letters Patent, is-

As a new article of manufacture, porous and penetrable earthenware, brick, tile, or terra-cotta, substantially as and for the purpose described.

Witnesses ADOLF HEILE,

W. T. FURBEGK. 

